Abundance and possibilities of crAssphage and PMMoV as a viral indicator in raw sewage in wastewater treatment plants

Given their abundance in human fecal samples, crAssphage and Pepper Mild Mottle Virus (PMMoV) have been proposed as sensitive indicators of human fecal pollution in wastewater. This study evaluated the abundance and stability of crAssphage and PMMoV in raw sewage at wastewater treatment plants, exploring their potential as robust viral indicators for wastewater-based epidemiology and environmental monitoring programs.